今天用Python做个好玩的项目，利用Python绘制双y轴图形。

import numpy as npimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom matplotlib.font_manager import FontPropertiesimport datetime

 # 此设置为使图形能显示带特殊格式的字符

plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False

# 构建虚拟数据"""

x轴为日期

左y轴为y1，y2

右y轴为 y1-y2 及其均值"""

date = [(datetime.datetime.strptime("2019-12-08 00:00:00","%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") + datetime.timedelta(days=i)).strftime("%Y-%m-%d%H:%M:%S")[:10] for i in range(300)]x = np.arange(300)x_ticks = [int(i) for i in np.linspace(0, (x.shape[0] - 1), 5)]y1 = np.random.randn(300) *2 + 75y2 = np.random.randn(300) *2 + 70# 设置字体

font = FontProperties(fname="C:\Windows\Fonts\simsun.ttc", size=30)figure = plt.figure(figsize=[30, 16], dpi=72)ax1 = figure.add_subplot(111)fig1 = ax1.plot(x, y1, color="c", label="y1")fig2 = ax1.plot(x, y2, color="b", label="y2")plt.yticks(fontproperties=font)plt.xlabel("date", fontproperties=FontProperties(fname="C:\Windows\Fonts\simsun.ttc", size=45))plt.xticks(x_ticks, date, fontproperties=FontProperties(fname="C:\Windows\Fonts\simsun.ttc", size=30), rotation=15)ax1.set_ylim(40, 83)ax1.set_ylabel("y", fontproperties=FontProperties(fname="C:\Windows\Fonts\simsun.ttc", size=45))ax2 = ax1.twinx()fig3 = ax2.plot(x, y1-y2, color="m", label="y1-y2")fig4 = ax2.plot(x, [(y1-y2).mean()] * (x.shape[0]), color="g", linestyle="--", linewidth=5, label="mean of y1-y2")ax2.set_ylim(-5, 40)ax2.set_ylabel("y1-y2", fontproperties=FontProperties(fname="C:\Windows\Fonts\simsun.ttc", size=45))plt.yticks(fontproperties=font)# 显示均值

ax2.text(x.shape[0], (y1-y2).mean() - 0.1, str((y1-y2).mean())[:4], fontdict={"size": 30, "color": "g"})# 设置图列

legends = fig1 + fig2 + fig3 + fig4

labels = [l.get_label() for l in legends]plt.legend(legends, labels, prop=font, loc=(0.8, 0.4))plt.show()

效果图：

大家在敲打的时候一定要仔细检查代码是否完整，以免画得奇形怪状。关于Python的有趣小项目，后续将持续更新，记得关注收藏哦~

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